Chosing PID as controlling method

What is PID? and why I choose PID as the controlling metdod?


The word PID is composed by the first letters from the terms Proportional, Integral and Derivative. The Proportional, Integral, and Derivative terms are summed to calculate the output of the PID. Here is the diagram to get a first (just a first) idea how this system works:

PID controllers are a family of controllers.  PID controllers are sold in large quantities and are often the solution of choice when a controller is needed to close the loop.  The reason PID controllers are so popular is that using PID gives the designer a larger number of options and those options mean that there are more possibilities for changing the dynamics of the system in a way that helps the designer.  If the designer works it right s/he can get the advantages of several effects.  In particular, starting with a proportional controller, and adding integral and derivative terms to the control the designer can take advantage of the following effects.

• An integral controller gives zero SSE for a step input.
• A derivative control terms often produces faster response.

        A PID controller operates on the error in a feedback system and does the following:

• A PID controller calculates a term proportional to the error - the P term.
• A PID controller calculates a term proportional to the integral of the error - the I term.
• A PID controller calculates a term proportional to the derivative of the error - the D term.
• The three terms - the P, I and D terms, are added together to produce a control signal that is applied to the system being controlled.

How to do this project?

Methodology of completing the project

The Dc Motor and load is modeled to obtain the dynamics equation, than the following model is analyzed through Matlab Simulink to determine the transient response of the system. By using Matlab Simulation Software, the PID controller is design based on Root Locus method, and the dynamic equation formed will use to develop the analog circuit. Moreover, Multisim is use to simulate the appropriate circuits to show the preliminary result of the circuit. When the hardware was completely developed, the graphical user interface is link with the system to display the output response from the system.

Research

Before starting to plan on the controlling method of a dc motor, the basic operation of a dc motor must be known first. Credit to video below which give a lot of idea for the beginning of this project :

this video explain on the principles of operation of a brushed DC motor with permanent magnets beside how a DC motor (with permanent magnets) is made and what is inside in such a motor.

Project & Idea

After having some discussion with the project's supervisor, the most suitable project has been chosen for the final year project. Below are the project description with some diagram to give a general overview about my project:

Title: Design And Simulation of Position And Speed of A DC Motor

i. To perform a modeling of dc motor

iii. To realize the operation of PID controller for dc motor speed and position control application.

iv. To develop the analog controller including Proportional Integral Derivative (PID)

v. To investigate the effect of output response according to a variety of controller, load and input.

vi. To display the output response of the system in computer.

vii. To provide valuable hands-on experience in order to support the theory learned in classroom lectures.

Supervisor & Project Title

This week allocated for finding suitable project title and supervisor to assist student in completing their final year project. 


Supervisor    : MDM ZARIDAH BT MAT ZAIN
Project Title  : DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF POSITION AND SPEED OF A DC MOTOR

Biodata

SYED AMIRUL FIRDAUS FIRDAUS B SYED AHMAD MUSTAFFA

UniKL BRITISH MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE

DIPLOMA OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY IN TELECOMUNICATION UniKL BMI (2010) 

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY (HONS) IN ELECTRICALUniKL BMI  (current)

contact information:

email: sy8_amirul@gmail.com

https://www.facebook.com/syedamirulfirdaus